Breath Basics: The Foundation of Vocal Sound

This comprehensive lesson will successfully integrate theoretical knowledge about the respiratory system with practical exploration of breath and vocal sound production.

In the biology section, students will gain a solid understanding of the respiratory system’s structure and function. They will learn about the path of air through the body, from the nose and mouth to the alveoli in the lungs, and how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. This foundational knowledge will set the stage for understanding the physiological basis of breathing and its connection to vocal production.

Building on this theoretical framework, the practical portion of the lesson will allow students to experientially explore their own breathing mechanisms.

Through a series of guided exercises, participants will:

  1. Develop heightened awareness of their breathing patterns
  2. Observe the movements in different areas of their torso during inhalation and exhalation
  3. Explore the connection between breath and vocal sound production using sustained ‘S’ sounds
  4. Experiment with different breathing techniques and their effects on vocal output
  5. Gain insight into the relationship between abdominal and chest movements during breathing

By combining theoretical knowledge with hands-on practice, students will achieve a holistic understanding of breathing’s role in vocal production. This integrated approach will foster a deeper appreciation for the complexity of the respiratory system and its impact on voice, setting a strong foundation for further vocal training and self-awareness.

Science Lesson: Understanding the Respiratory System

Science Class: Introduction (Teacher's Script):

				
					Hey there, curious minds! Today, we're going to embark on an exciting adventure into the world of biology, where we'll uncover the secrets of the respiratory system. Before we dive into the practical exercise, let's take a moment to understand how our bodies breathe and why it's so important.

Imagine you're a tiny oxygen molecule, floating in the air. Your mission is to reach the cells in our body, but how do you get there? That's where the respiratory system comes in! It's like a superhighway for oxygen, starting from your nose and mouth and ending in your lungs.

First, let's watch a short video that explains how the respiratory system works. 
[Play video: "How Your Lungs Work" by Nemours KidsHealth https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0giiDDBJVQU ]

Wasn't that amazing? Now, let's break it down step by step.

1. When you breathe in, or inhale, air enters through your nose and mouth.
2. The air then travels down your throat, through a tube called the trachea.
3. The trachea splits into two smaller tubes called bronchi, one for each lung.
4. Inside your lungs, the bronchi branch out into even smaller tubes called bronchioles.
5. At the end of the bronchioles, there are tiny air sacs called alveoli. This is where the magic happens!
6. The alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Oxygen from the air you breathe passes through the walls of the alveoli and into your bloodstream.
7. At the same time, carbon dioxide, which is a waste gas, moves from your bloodstream into the alveoli.
8. When you breathe out, or exhale, the carbon dioxide leaves your body through your nose and mouth.

[Display diagram (below): A labeled diagram of the respiratory system, showing the nose, mouth, trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, and alveoli.]

Take a closer look at this diagram. Can you trace the path of the air as it enters and leaves your body? Notice how the alveoli are clustered together like tiny grapes, providing a large surface area for oxygen to enter your bloodstream.

But wait, there's more! Did you know that your respiratory system is closely linked to your voice? When you speak or sing, air from your lungs passes through your vocal cords, making them vibrate and produce sound. That's why breathing is so important for singers and actors!
				
			

Diagram

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are the main parts of the respiratory system?
  2. How does oxygen get from the air you breathe into your bloodstream?
  3. What happens to carbon dioxide when you exhale?
  4. Why do you think singers and actors need to have good breath control?
  5. Can you think of any other ways your respiratory system helps your body function properly?

Science Class: Closing (Teacher's Script):

				
					Wow, who knew our bodies were so incredible? The respiratory system is like a well-oiled machine, constantly working to keep us alive and healthy. In our next lesson, we'll explore the connection between breathing and vocal sound production through some fun exercises. Get ready to be amazed by the power of your own breath!
				
			

Guided Exercise: Breath Basics

Introduction (Teacher's Script):

				
					Hey everyone! Today, we're going to dive into the incredible world of breathing and how it affects our voice. Have you ever wondered how singers and actors can produce such powerful and expressive sounds? Well, it all starts with breathing! 

We'll be doing some fun exercises and observations to help us understand the connection between our breath and our voice. Remember, there's no right or wrong way to do these activities – just focus on what you feel and enjoy the process of learning about your body. Let's get started!
				
			
				
					Before we start, let's record a vocal reference so that we can compare the quality of your voice now with it at the end of the lesson.

Let's pretend you are hired as the professional voice talent for a fictional audiobook.

Here is your paragraph.


"In the quiet evening, the small waves gently talked to the sandy beach. Each word was clear and floated easily through the cool air. As I listened, the soft sounds of the waves mixed with the whispering leaves, making a beautiful song that made me feel calm and happy about the world around us."


Let's say it a couple more times and listen to how your voice resonates.

What kind of action is involved if you decide to say it louder?
What changes in your torso, breathing, face?
How loud can you get without straining?
And how would you know if you're straining?

Now, observe what is involved in saying it really quietly.
What happens to your breath?
What happens to the muscles of your throat, your jaw, your face?

Notice if the sounds flow smoothly together or if they're a bit disconnected and choppy.
What is the connection between the flow of the breath and the flow of the sounds?

Pay attention to the relationship between the amount of air that you store in your lungs and the requirement of speaking out the entire paragraph.

Don't worry if you can't find the answers right now.
What's important is that you look for the answers.

Record yourself on a phone or computer saying this paragraph and once you're done lets begin the lesson.

				
			

Instructions:

1. Start by finding a comfortable position to lie on your back.

2. Lie quietly with your legs long and your feet slightly apart.

3. Focus on making yourself comfortable.

Take a moment to settle into your comfortable position. Let your body relax and feel the support of the floor beneath you.

4. Pay attention to your breathing for about 1 minute.

5. Sense the movements in your torso as you breathe in for about 3 minutes.

6. Shift your attention to what happens when you breathe out for about 2 minutes.

7. Place your hands on your abdomen to better feel its movements and rhythms.

As you place your hands on your abdomen, notice how it rises and falls with each breath. Feel the gentle rhythm of your breathing.

8. Move your hands to different areas like the sides between your lower ribs and hips, then to your lower back. Spend about 4 minutes exploring these areas.

9. Use your hands to sense the movement of your lungs and the overall shape of your rib cage during breathing for about 4 minutes.

10. Rest and pay attention to your breathing, noticing if your awareness changes after touching different areas for about 2 minutes.

11. Observe whether you breathe through your nose or mouth and feel the air’s passage down to your lungs for about 1 minute.

12. Bend your knees towards the ceiling and stand your feet flat on the floor, hip-width apart, noticing any changes in your breathing. This should take about 1 minute.

13. Start breathing in and out through your mouth for about 1 minute.

14. On exhalation, make a sustained ‘S’ sound with the tip of your tongue close to the roof of your mouth. Practice this for about 2 minutes.

15. Feel the movements in your chest and abdomen while making the ‘S’ sound for about 2 minutes.

16. Alternate between making the ‘S’ sound louder and softer, observing changes in your torso for about 2 minutes.

As you play with the volume of your ‘S’ sound, notice how your torso responds. Do you feel different sensations when you make the sound louder or softer?

17. Use your hands to feel changes in your abdomen and rib cage while altering the ‘S’ sound’s volume for about 2 minutes.

18. Play with the idea of making your abdomen fuller and rounder while exhaling with a loud ‘S’ sound for about 3 minutes.

19. Try exhaling with a loud ‘S’ by flattening your stomach and pulling your abdomen in, expanding your chest. Practice this for about 1 minute.

20. Alternate between making your abdomen full and round and sucking it in while sustaining the ‘S’ sound for about 1 minute.

21. Rest and observe the quality of your breathing and any changes in awareness for about 1 minute.

22. Experiment with seesaw movements between your abdomen and chest during exhalation while maintaining a steady ‘S’ sound for about 2 minutes.

23. Switch hands to feel these movements, adjusting air pressure for comfort and ease. Practice this for about 2 minutes.

Discussion Questions

These questions can be asked during the activity or at the conclusion.

  1. Can you feel the movements in your chest and abdomen as you make the ‘S’ sound?
  2. Do you notice the difference in your breathing when you alter the volume of the ‘S’ sound?
  3. Are you aware of the changes in your torso as you switch between loud and soft ‘S’ sounds?
  4. How does the seesaw movement between your abdomen and chest affect your breathing?
  5. What new insights did you gain about the relationship between breathing and vocal sound production?
				
					Remember the audio recording we did before the start of the lesson?

Here is the paragraph again.


"In the quiet evening, the small waves gently talked to the sandy beach. Each word was clear and floated easily through the cool air. As I listened, the soft sounds of the waves mixed with the whispering leaves, making a beautiful song that made me feel calm and happy about the world around us."

Recite it a few times in a standing position.  Pay attention to flow of breath and how whether or not the sounds are smoother and more effortless.

Play around with volumes and go over the questions review the questions you might not have had the answers to before the first time.

Finally, record yourself saying the paragraph and once you're done, compare the quality of your voice now relative to the quality you had before doing this lesson.

				
			

Closing (Teacher's Script):

				
					Wow, you all did an amazing job exploring your breathing and voice! Take a moment to reflect on what you felt during the exercises and any new insights you gained about the connection between your breath and your vocal sound production. Remember, by becoming more aware of your breathing patterns and practicing conscious control, you can improve your vocal efficiency, reduce tension, and enhance your overall communication skills. 

Keep exploring, stay curious, and most importantly, have fun on this journey of self-discovery!